Espinel CH. The FENa test. Use in the differential diagnosis of acute renal failure. JAMA. 1976;236(6):579-81.

Steiner R. Interpreting the fractional excretion of sodium. Am J Med 1984; 77. (4): 699-702. doi:10.1016/0002-9343(84)90368-1. PMID 6486145

Pahwa AK, Sperati J. Urinary fractional excretion indices in the evaluation of acute kidney injury. J Hosp Med. 2016;11(1): 77-80.

Seethapathy H, Fenves AZ. Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa): An Imperfect Tool for a Flawed Question. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2022 Jun;17(6):777-778. 

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Dr. Carlos Espinel

Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa)

sodium

creatinine

urine_sodium

urine_creatinine

Determines if renal failure is due to prerenal or intrinsic pathology.

Prerenal or intrinsic kidney failure.

FENa

Devika Nair, MD

The Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) determines if renal failure is due to pre-renal, intrinsic, or post-renal pathology.

Creatinine

Urine Creatinine

Urine Sodium

Sodium

FEUrea

Licurse Score

AKIN Classification

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) focuses on the health, safety, and well-being of infants, children, and young adults. With about 67,000 members, including pediatricians, medical subspecialists, and surgical specialists, the AAP supports optimal care. Over 45,000 members are board-certified Fellows of the AAP (FAAP). Its mission is to promote children's health and well-being while supporting members' professional needs.

American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)

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American Association for Physician Leadership (AAPL)

American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases

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American College Of Emergency Physicians

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American College of Gastroenterology

American College of Rheumatology

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American Gastroenterological Association

American Heart Association

American Urological Association

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EB Medicine

MDCalc CME

Postgraduate Institute for Medicine

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The ROME Foundation

Listen to the VACO co-creators break down how to use VACO\, what it does\, and what it doesn’t.

Calc Function

Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa)